Details.
Surgical treatment for abnormal spinal curvatures or alignment in adults, including degenerative scoliosis, flatback deformity, kyphosis, sagittal plane imbalance, and adjacent segment deformity. Treatment is individually planned and may include posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation, interbody fusion, osteotomies, sacropelvic fixation, staging, robotic-assisted navigation, intraoperative imaging, and continuous neuromonitoring. Recommended when conservative management has been exhausted and symptoms significantly affect quality of life, walking, standing, daily activities, or neurological function. Comprehensive preoperative assessment and informed consent are required, and recovery is prolonged.