Details.
A minimally invasive fusion technique for refractory mechanical low back and radicular pain associated with spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease and recurrent disc herniation. Screws and rods are placed between two or more vertebral levels through two small incisions, and the intervertebral disc is replaced with a bone-filled cage to stabilise the affected levels. Techniques listed include ALIF, PLIF, DLIF and TLIF.